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Cavalry/Armoured Regiments
1900-13 | 1914-39 | 1940-63 | 1964-99


Infantry Regiments
1900-20 | 1921-36 | 1937-50 | 1951-99

Cavalry Regiments 1900-1919
1st Hussars
1st British Columbia Horse
2nd Dragoons
3rd Prince of Wales' Cdn Dragoons

4th Hussars
5th Dragoons
5th Princess Louise Drag. Gds
6th Duke of Connaught's R.C.H.
7th Hussars
8th Princess Louise's NB Hussars
9th Toronto Light Horse
9th Mississauga Horse

10th Brant Dragoons
10th Queen's Own Cdn Hussars
11th Hussars

12th Manitoba Dragoons
13th Scottish Light Dragoons
14th Canadian Hussars
14th King's Canadian Hussars
15th Light Horse
16th Light Horse
17th Duke of York's Royal Can. H.
17th PEI Recce
18th Mounted Rifles
19th Alberta Dragoons
19th The Alberta Mounted Rifles
20th Border Horse

21st Alberta Hussars
22nd Saskatchewan Horse
22nd Saskatchewan Light Horse
23rd Alberta Rangers
24th Grey's Horse
25th Brant Dragoons
26th Canadian Dragoons
27th Light Horse
28th New Brunswick Dragoons
29th Light Horse
30th Regiment (BC Horse)

31st Regiment (BC Horse)
32nd Light Horse

32nd Manitoba Horse
33rd Vaudreuil & Soulanges Huss.
34th Fort Garry Horse
35th Central Alberta Horse
36th PEI Light Horse
Toronto Mounted Rifles
Cavalry/Armoured Regiments
1920-2000

1st Hussars
1st APC Regiment
British Columbia Dragoons
2nd Dragoons
2nd/10th Dragoons
3rd Prince of Wales' Cdn Dragoons
4th Hussars of Canada
IV PLDG
6th Duke of Connaught's R.C.H.
7th/11th Hussars
8th Cdn Hussars (Princess Louise's)
9th (Grey's) Horse
10th Queen's Own Cdn Hussars
11th Hussars
Manitoba Dragoons

12e Régiment Blindé du Canada
13th Scottish Light Dragoons
14th Canadian Hussars
14th King's Canadian Hussars
15th Light Horse
16th Light Horse
17th Duke of York's Royal Can. H.
17th PEI Recce
18th Mounted Rifles
19th Alberta Dragoons
19th The Alberta Mounted Rifles
Border Horse
21st Alberta Hussars
22nd Saskatchewan Horse
22nd Saskatchewan Light Horse
23rd Alberta Rangers
24th Grey's Horse
26th Canadian Dragoons
27th Light Horse
28th New Brunswick Dragoons
29th Light Horse
Fort Garry Horse
Algonquin Regiment
Argyll Light Infantry (Tank)
British Columbia Dragoons
British Columbia Mounted Rifles
British Columbia Regiment
Border Horse
Calgary Regiment (Tank)
Canadian Mounted Rifles
Duke of York's Royal Cdn Hussars
Elgin Regiment
Fort Garry Horse
Grey & Simcoe Foresters
Governor General's Body Guard
Governor General's Horse Guards
Halifax Rifles
King's Own Calgary Regt.
Lord Strathcona's Horse
Manitoba Dragoons
Manitoba Horse
Mississauga Horse
Ontario Mounted Rifles
Princess Louise Dragoon Guards
Queen's Own Canadian Hussars
Queen's York Rangers (1st Am. R.)
Régt de Hull
Régt de Trois-Riviéres
Royal Canadian Dragoons
Royal Canadian Mounted Rifles
Saskatchewan Dragoons
Sherbrooke Regiment
South Alberta Light Horse
Strathcona's Horse
Windsor Regiment

Infantry Regiments 1900-1919
Dawson Rifles
GGFG
Kootenay Rifles
PPCLI
Royal Canadian Regiment
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CEF Battalions 1914-1920

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Infantry Regiments 1920-2000
1st British Columbia Regiment
1st BC Regt (D. of Conn.'s Own)
Algonquin Regiment
Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
Argyll Light Infantry
Black Watch (RHR) of Canada
BC Regt (D. of Conn's Own Rifles)
Calgary Highlanders
Calgary Regiment
Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa
Canadian Airborne Regiment
Canadian Scottish Regiment
 Canadian Fusiliers (C of L Regt)
Canadian Guards
Canadian Grenadier Guards
Cape Breton Highlanders
Carleton and York Regiment
Durham Regiment
Elgin Regiment
Essex Scottish
Essex & Kent Scottish
 Fusiliers de Sherbrooke
Fusiliers Mont Royal
Fusiliers du St. Laurent
48th Highlanders of Canada
Gov Gen Foot Guards
Grey & Simcoe Foresters
Halifax Rifles
Hastings and Prince Edward Regt
Highland Fusiliers of Canada
Highland Light Infantry of Canada
Irish Fusiliers
Irish Fusiliers of Can (Vancouver R.)
Irish Regiment
Irish Regiment of Canada
Kent Regiment
King's Own Rifles of Canada
Lake Superior Regiment
Lincoln and Welland Regiment
Loyal Edmonton Regiment
Lorne Scots
Midland Regiment
Mississauga Regiment
New Brunswick Rangers
New Brunswick Scottish
North Nova Scotia Highlanders
North Shore (New Brunswick) Regt
North Waterloo Regiment
Oxford Rifles
Perth Regiment
Peterborough Rangers
Pictou Highlanders
PPCLI
Prince Albert and Battleford Voltrs
Princess Louise Fusiliers (MG)
Prince Rupert Regiment
Princess of Wales' Own Regiment
Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders
Queen's Own Rifles of Canada
Queen's Rangers (1st Am. Regt.)
Queen's York Rangers (1st Am. R.)
 Régiment de la Chaudière
 Régiment de Chateauguay
Régiment de Levis
 Régiment de Maisonneuve
Régiment de Montmagmy
 Régiment de Saguenay
Régiment de St. Hyacinthe
 Régiment de Québec
Regina Rifle Regiment
Rocky Mountain Rangers
Royal 22e Regt
Royal Canadian Regiment
Royal Highlanders of Canada
Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada
Royal Regiment of Canada
Royal Regina Rifles
Royal Hamilton Light Infantry
Royal Montreal Regiment
Royal New Brunswick Regiment
Royal Newfoundland Regiment
Royal Rifles of Canada
Royal Scots of Canada
Royal Winnipeg Rifles
Saskatoon Light Infantry
Scots Fusiliers of Canada
S, D and G Highlanders
Seaforth Highlanders of Canada
South Alberta Regiment
South New Brunswick Regiment
South Saskatchewan Regiment
Toronto Regiment
Toronto Scottish Regiment
Vancouver Regiment
Victoria Rifles of Canada
Voltigeurs de Quebec
Waterloo Regiment
Westminster Regiment
West Nova Scotia Regiment
West Toronto Regiment
Winnipeg Grenadiers
Winnipeg Light Infantry
York Rangers
 Yukon Regiment

250th Battalion, CEF

The 250th Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force was a unit raised for service in the First World War.

History

The 250th Battalion, CEF was raised in Winnipeg, Manitoba, in September 1916.1 The unit recruited locally under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel William Henry Hastings, KC, a newspaperman, crown prosecutor and barrister from Winnipeg. The unit hoped to tap into the pool of Polish-Canadians in the city, appealing to them to fight, in the words of Czas, Winnipeg's Polish-language newspaper, "the traditional enemies of Poland."2 Recruiting began in November, with the unit headquartered in Winnipeg's Great West Permanent building at 356 Main Street.3 Bandmaster H.R. Berrow, formerly of the 78th Battalion, put out a call for musicians in December, including bandsmen, buglers and drummers.4 The unit numbered 139 on 16 December 1916.5

 


Recruiting ad in the Winnipeg Tribune, 6 November 1916

 

The quartermaster of the unit was Honorary Captain Frank Szablowski, who was mistakenly identified in the press as an enemy alien. He had been born in Posen, then part of the German Empire (it later became Poznań after the First World War). In fact he had become a naturalized citizen of Canada in 1907. He moved with his parents to the United States at the age of four, naturalized as a U.S. citizen and moved to Canada in 1897. A number of Polish-Canadians enlisted in the 250th Battalion, eager to distinguish themselves from those having German citizenship, some of whom were interned as enemy aliens.6

250th Battalion, CEF

Raised: September 1916 (GO 11/1917 and GO 48/1917)
Strength:
Service: Absorbed by the 249th Battalion at Valcartier on 10 October 1917.
Disbanded: Official disbandment 12 July 1918

 

The battalion was referred to as the Screaming Eagle Battalion in a newspaper story in January 1917 which highlighted the menu being served to the battalion in training:

Breakfast - porridge, fried bacon, baked beans, bread, butter, coffee, tea milk

 

Dinner - Roast beef with brown gravy, hashed cabbage, mashed creamed potatoes, rice pudding, bread, butter, tea, milk

 

Supper - Vegetable soup, cold roast beef, pickled beets, fried potatoes, jam, cheese, bread, butter, coffee, tea, milk.

The article further noted that the bugle band played while meals were being served "but there is a difference of opinion whether this is a pleasure or not."7

 

In February 1917 the battalion created a second company to accommodate the rising number of recruits.8

 


Newspaper item from The Winnipeg Tribune 19 Feb 1917

 

A French bulldog born in trenches at Ypres was brought back to Winnipeg by Quartermaster Sergeant Jackson and became the mascot of the 250th Battalion.9 When the 221st Battalion departed Winnipeg, 200 men of the 250th Battalion were present at the depot to help "maintain order" among the large crowd of civilians present to see the unit off. The 250th Battalion's band was also on hand to provide music along with the 174th Battalion band.10

 

The unit was absorbed by the 249th Battalion (a Saskatchewan battalion) at Valcartier on 10 October 1917.11 The unit had brass and bugle bands while in Canada.12

 

Individuals from the 250th Battalion scattered through the CEF. Private C.A. Barkway went to England and joined the 1st Canadian Mounted rifles and was later killed in Flanders.13

 

Official disbandment came by Privy Council Order 1727 of 12 July 1918.14 The unit was not perpetuated by any Militia units after the 1920 Otter Commission reorganizations.15

 

 

A strange postscript to the battalion's history was the trial of William H. Elnech, a 19-year old man accused of murder in 1920. He had enlisted in the 250th Battalion at the age of 16, and later saw action on the Western Front, being wounded twice and gassed. During the battalion's short life, Lieutenant-Colonel Hastings had assembled a group of new recruits, including Elnech, and told them he would help them out of any trouble to the best of his ability. Elnech took him at his word when he found himself penniless three years later and possibly headed to the gallows for murder for a killing he admitted perpetrating. Elnech and two others attempted to rob William Deforge, a former officer of Military District 10, and Elnech ended up shooting him to death. Elnech confessed but claimed the killing was accidental. He sought out the former C.O. to represent him in court, which he did, and the jury returned a verdict of manslaughter instead.16 He was sentenced to 25 years in prison with concurrent sentences for robbery and shopbreaking.17 Hastings went on to assist Lieutenant-Colonel Dan McLean, former commander of the 101st Battalion, in a re-election campaign in Winnipeg's 1929 civic election. He was defeated by Ralph Webb, DSO, MC, former mayor of Winnipeg (1925-1928) and former commanding officer of the 47th Battalion.18

 

Another notorious veteran was Russell Dumas, who in 1920 was found to be operating  a medical practice under the name Dr. Gordon Mayo, insinuating his practice was related to the famous Mayo Clinic. Dumas was not a doctor. He had come to Winnipeg from Toronto in 1914, been acquitted of killing one woman in a bungled operation, and later convicted of manslaughter after Mrs. Joseph Josephs died after undergoing another illegal operation. Dumas was given a five year penitentiary sentence from which he was paroled in 1916 after nine months. He enlisted in the 250th Battalion and eventually made it to France as an NCO in the Canadian Army Medical Corps.19

 

Insignia

The cap badge illustrated above appears in the Babin catalogue as E-251. The badge shown is an officers variant, other ranks would likely have worn plain bronze badges without the white metal components. The eagle is a traditional Polish symbol.

Battle Honours

No battle honours were awarded to the 250th Battalion, CEF.

Notes

  1. Guide to Sources Relating to Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force Infantry Battalions (Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa, ON, 2012) p.676

  2. "Nicholson Heads 251st, 250th is Hastings' Unit", The Winnipeg Tribune, 13 Sep 1916, p.1. See also https://matthewkbarrett.com/2016/02/08/the-public-defender/#more-2566 for details about Hasting.

  3. "250th Battalion Starts Recruiting", The Winnipeg Tribune, 1 Nov 1916, p.13

  4. Classified ads, The Winnipeg Tribune, 1 Dec 1916, p.19

  5. "421 Men Enlist in Army During Last Fortnight", The Winnipeg Tribune, 16 Dec 1916, p.5

  6. "Szaklowski (sic) is Already Canadian", Manitoba Free Press, 9 Jan 1917, p.4

  7. "Hungry Men May Be Sure of Fill In 250th Battalion", The Winnipeg Tribune, 23 Jan 1917, p.2

  8. "Eagles Form 2 New Companies",  The Winnipeg Tribune, 6 Feb 1917, p.8. The article spells the quartermaster's name "Slazblewski."

  9. "Winnpeg Dogs Win Prizes at Brandon Show", The Winnipeg Tribune, 7 Mar 1917, evening edition, p.11

  10. "221st Battalion Leaves Winnipeg', The Winnipeg Tribune, 10 Apr 1917, p.9

  11. "Western Battalions Are Amalgamated", The Winnipeg Tribune, 12 Oct 1917, p.13

  12. Guide to Sources, Ibid

  13. "Lose Their Lives on Flanders Battlefields", The Winnipeg Tribune, 19 Sep 1918, p.11

  14. Guide to Sources, Ibid

  15. Love, David W. A Nation in Making: The Organization and Administration of the Canadian Military During the First World War (Service Publications Ltd., Ottawa, ON, 2012) ISBN 978-1-894581-72-1 Volume II, p.332

  16. "Elnech's Fine War Record and Col. Hastings' Promise Save Youth From Gallows", The Winnipeg Tribune, 24 Mar 1920, p.1

  17. "Elnech Gets 25 Years",  The Winnipeg Tribune, 6 Apr 1920, p.1, as well as "De Forge Slayers are Sentenced For Robbery", Tribune, 8 Apr 1920 p.1

  18. "The Public Defender", Patriots, Crooks and Safety-Firsters: Colonels of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, accessed online at https://matthewkbarrett.com/2016/02/08/the-public-defender/#more-2566

  19. "Set Up As Mayo, Law Reaches Out', Saskatoon Daily Star, 12 Aug 1920, p.2 as well as "Medical Body and Mayos are Behind Action." The Winnipeg Tribune, 12 Aug 1920, p.1

Archival Holdings

 

The following holdings at Library and Archives Canada may be useful for further research on this unit:

 

  • Historical record

    • RG 9 III-D-1, vol. 4705, folder 83, file 10

  • Badges

    • RG 24, vol. 1711, file HQ 683-468-1

  • Audit reports

    • RG 24, vol. 1711, file HQ 683-468-2

  • Inspection reports, clothing and equipment

    • RG 24, vol. 1711, file HQ 683-468-3

  • Inspection reports

    • RG 24, vol. 1712, file HQ 683-468-4

  • Band to accompany unit to Valcartier

    • RG 24, vol. 1712, file HQ 683-468-5

  • Mobilization accounts

    • RG 24, vol. 1712, file HQ 683-468-6

  • Pay and paysheets

    • RG 24, vol. 1712, file HQ 683-468-7

  • Appointment of officers

    • RG 24, vol. 1394, file HQ 593-6-1-250

  • Organization

    • RG 24, vol. 4493, file 4D. 48-250-1

  • Organization

    • RG 24, vol. 4603, file 10D. 20-10-58

  • Inspection reports

    • RG 9 II-B-5, vol. 7

 


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