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The 250th
Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force was a unit
raised for service in the First World War.
History
The 250th Battalion, CEF was
raised in Winnipeg, Manitoba, in September 1916.1
The unit recruited locally under the command of
Lieutenant-Colonel William Henry Hastings, KC, a
newspaperman, crown prosecutor and barrister from Winnipeg.
The unit hoped to tap into the pool of
Polish-Canadians in the city, appealing to them to fight, in
the words of Czas, Winnipeg's Polish-language
newspaper, "the traditional enemies of Poland."2 Recruiting
began in November, with the unit headquartered in Winnipeg's
Great West Permanent building at 356 Main Street.3
Bandmaster H.R. Berrow, formerly of the 78th
Battalion, put out a call for musicians in December,
including bandsmen, buglers and drummers.4 The
unit numbered 139 on 16 December 1916.5
Recruiting ad in the Winnipeg Tribune, 6 November 1916
The quartermaster of the unit
was Honorary Captain Frank Szablowski, who was mistakenly
identified in the press as an enemy alien. He had been born
in Posen, then part of the German Empire (it later became
Poznań after the First World War). In fact he had become a
naturalized citizen of Canada in 1907. He moved with his
parents to the United States at the age of four, naturalized
as a U.S. citizen and moved to Canada in 1897. A number of
Polish-Canadians enlisted in the 250th Battalion, eager to
distinguish themselves from those having German citizenship,
some of whom were interned as enemy aliens.6 |
250th
Battalion, CEF |
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Raised:
September 1916 (GO 11/1917 and GO 48/1917)
Strength:
Service: Absorbed by the 249th Battalion at
Valcartier on 10 October 1917.
Disbanded: Official disbandment 12 July 1918 |
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The battalion was referred to as
the Screaming Eagle Battalion in a newspaper story in
January 1917 which highlighted the menu being served to the
battalion in training:
Breakfast - porridge, fried bacon,
baked beans, bread, butter, coffee, tea milk
Dinner - Roast beef with brown
gravy, hashed cabbage, mashed creamed potatoes, rice pudding,
bread, butter, tea, milk
Supper - Vegetable soup, cold roast
beef, pickled beets, fried potatoes, jam, cheese, bread, butter,
coffee, tea, milk.
The article further noted that
the bugle band played while meals were being served "but
there is a difference of opinion whether this is a pleasure
or not."7
In February 1917 the battalion
created a second company to accommodate the rising number of
recruits.8
Newspaper item from The
Winnipeg Tribune 19 Feb 1917
A
French bulldog born in trenches at Ypres was brought back to
Winnipeg by Quartermaster Sergeant Jackson and became the
mascot of the 250th Battalion.9 When the 221st
Battalion departed Winnipeg, 200 men of the 250th Battalion
were present at the depot to help "maintain order" among the
large crowd of civilians present to see the unit off. The
250th Battalion's band was also on hand to provide music
along with the 174th Battalion band.10
The unit was absorbed by the
249th Battalion (a Saskatchewan battalion) at Valcartier on
10 October 1917.11 The unit had brass and bugle
bands while in Canada.12
Individuals from the 250th
Battalion scattered through the CEF. Private C.A. Barkway
went to England and joined the 1st Canadian Mounted rifles
and was later killed in Flanders.13
Official disbandment came by
Privy Council Order 1727 of 12 July 1918.14 The
unit was not perpetuated by any Militia units after the 1920
Otter Commission reorganizations.15
A
strange postscript to the battalion's history was the trial
of William H. Elnech, a 19-year old man accused of murder in
1920. He had enlisted in the 250th Battalion at the age of
16, and later saw action on the Western Front, being wounded
twice and gassed. During the battalion's short life,
Lieutenant-Colonel Hastings had assembled a group of new
recruits, including Elnech, and told them he would help them
out of any trouble to the best of his ability. Elnech took
him at his word when he found himself penniless three years
later and possibly headed to the gallows for murder for a
killing he admitted perpetrating. Elnech and two others
attempted to rob William Deforge, a former officer of
Military District 10, and Elnech ended up shooting him to
death. Elnech confessed but claimed the killing was
accidental. He sought out the former
C.O. to represent him in court, which he did, and the jury
returned a verdict of manslaughter instead.16 He
was sentenced to 25 years in prison with concurrent
sentences for robbery and shopbreaking.17
Hastings went on to assist Lieutenant-Colonel Dan McLean,
former commander of the 101st Battalion, in a re-election
campaign in Winnipeg's 1929 civic election. He was defeated
by Ralph Webb, DSO, MC, former mayor of Winnipeg (1925-1928)
and former commanding officer of the 47th Battalion.18
Another notorious veteran was
Russell Dumas, who in 1920 was found to be operating a
medical practice under the name Dr. Gordon Mayo, insinuating
his practice was related to the famous Mayo Clinic. Dumas
was not a doctor. He had come to Winnipeg from Toronto in
1914, been acquitted of killing one woman in a bungled
operation, and later convicted of manslaughter after Mrs.
Joseph Josephs died after undergoing another illegal
operation. Dumas was given a five year penitentiary sentence
from which he was paroled in 1916 after nine months. He
enlisted in the 250th Battalion and eventually made it to
France as an NCO in the Canadian Army Medical Corps.19
Insignia
The cap badge illustrated above appears
in the
Babin catalogue as E-251. The badge shown is an officers
variant, other ranks would likely have worn plain bronze badges
without the white metal components. The eagle is a traditional
Polish symbol.
Battle Honours
No battle honours were awarded to the
250th Battalion, CEF.
Notes
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Guide to Sources Relating to
Units of the Canadian Expeditionary Force Infantry Battalions (Library
and Archives Canada, Ottawa, ON, 2012)
p.676
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"Nicholson Heads 251st, 250th is Hastings' Unit", The
Winnipeg Tribune, 13 Sep 1916, p.1. See also
https://matthewkbarrett.com/2016/02/08/the-public-defender/#more-2566
for details about Hasting.
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"250th Battalion Starts Recruiting", The Winnipeg Tribune,
1 Nov 1916, p.13
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Classified ads, The
Winnipeg Tribune, 1 Dec 1916, p.19
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"421 Men Enlist in Army During Last Fortnight",
The Winnipeg Tribune,
16 Dec 1916, p.5
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"Szaklowski (sic) is Already Canadian",
Manitoba Free Press, 9 Jan 1917, p.4
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"Hungry Men May Be Sure of Fill In 250th
Battalion", The Winnipeg Tribune,
23 Jan 1917, p.2
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"Eagles Form 2 New Companies",
The Winnipeg Tribune,
6 Feb 1917, p.8. The article spells the quartermaster's name "Slazblewski."
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"Winnpeg Dogs Win Prizes at Brandon Show",
The Winnipeg Tribune,
7 Mar 1917, evening edition, p.11
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"221st Battalion Leaves Winnipeg',
The Winnipeg Tribune,
10 Apr 1917, p.9
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"Western Battalions Are Amalgamated",
The Winnipeg Tribune,
12 Oct 1917, p.13
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Guide to Sources, Ibid
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"Lose Their Lives on Flanders Battlefields",
The Winnipeg Tribune,
19 Sep 1918, p.11
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Guide to Sources, Ibid
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Love, David W. A Nation in Making: The Organization and
Administration of the Canadian Military During the First World
War (Service Publications Ltd., Ottawa, ON, 2012) ISBN
978-1-894581-72-1 Volume II, p.332
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"Elnech's Fine War Record and Col. Hastings'
Promise Save Youth From Gallows",
The Winnipeg Tribune, 24 Mar 1920,
p.1
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"Elnech Gets 25 Years",
The Winnipeg Tribune,
6 Apr 1920, p.1, as well as "De Forge Slayers are Sentenced For
Robbery", Tribune, 8 Apr 1920 p.1
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"The Public Defender", Patriots, Crooks and
Safety-Firsters: Colonels of the Canadian Expeditionary Force,
accessed online at
https://matthewkbarrett.com/2016/02/08/the-public-defender/#more-2566
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"Set Up As Mayo, Law Reaches Out',
Saskatoon Daily Star, 12 Aug 1920, p.2 as well as
"Medical Body and Mayos are Behind Action." The Winnipeg
Tribune, 12 Aug 1920, p.1
Archival Holdings
The following holdings at Library and
Archives Canada may be useful for further research on this unit:
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