|
History |
|
Wars & Campaigns |
|
►Boer
War
►First
World War
►►Western
Front
►►►Trench
Warfare: 1914-1916
►►►Allied
Offensive: 1916
►►►Allied
Offensives: 1917
►►►German
Offensive: 1918
►►►Advance
to Victory: 1918
►►Siberia
►Second
World War
►►War
Against Japan
►►Italian
Campaign
►►►Sicily
►►►Southern
Italy
►►►The
Sangro
►►►Battles
of the FSSF
►►►Cassino
►►►Liri
Valley
►►►Advance
to Florence
►►►Gothic
Line
►►►Winter
Lines
►►North-West
Europe
►►►Normandy
►►►Channel
Ports
►►►Scheldt
►►►Nijmegen
Salient
►►►Rhineland
►►►Final
Phase
►Korean
War
►Cold
War
►Gulf
War |
|
Operations |
►GAUNTLET
Aug 1941
►HUSKY
Jul 1943
►OVERLORD
Jun 1944
►VERITABLE
Feb 1945 |
|
Battle Honours |
|
First World War
Western Front
Trench Warfare: 1914-1916
|
►Ypres,
1915 |
22
Apr-25 May 15 |
|
►Gravenstafel |
22-23 Apr 15 |
|
►St. Julien |
24
Apr-4 May 15 |
|
►Frezenberg |
8-13 May 15 |
|
►Bellewaarde |
24-25 May 15 |
|
►Festubert, 1915 |
15-25 May 15 |
|
►Loos |
25
Sep- 8 Oct 15 |
|
►Mount Sorrel |
2-13 Jun 15 |
Allied Offensive: 1916
|
►Somme, 1916 |
1
Jul-18 Nov 16 |
|
►Albert |
.1-13
Jul 16 |
|
►Razentin |
.14-17
Jul 16 |
|
►Pozieres |
.23
Jul-3 Sep 16 |
|
►Guillemont |
.3-6
Sep 16 |
|
►Ginchy |
.9
Sep 16 |
|
►Flers-Courcelette |
.15-22
Sep 16 |
|
►Thiepval |
.26-29
Sep 16 |
|
►Le Transloy |
.
1-18 Oct 16 |
|
►Ancre Heights |
1
Oct-11 Nov 16 |
|
►Ancre, 1916 |
13-18 Nov 16 |
Allied
Offensives: 1917
|
►Arras 1917 |
8
Apr-4 May 17 |
|
►Vimy, 1917 |
.9-14
Apr 17 |
|
►Arleux |
28-29 Apr 17 |
|
►Scarpe, 1917 |
.3-4
May17 |
|
►Hill 70 |
.15-25
Aug 17 |
|
►Messines, 1917 |
.7-14
Jun 17 |
|
►Ypres, 1917 |
..31
Jul-10 Nov 17 |
|
►Pilckem |
31
Jul-2 Aug 17 |
|
►Langemarck, 1917 |
.16-18
Aug 17 |
|
►Menin Road |
.20-25
Sep 17 |
|
►Polygon Wood |
26
Sep-3 Oct 17 |
|
►Broodseinde |
.4
Oct 17 |
|
►Poelcapelle |
.9
Oct 17 |
|
►Passchendaele |
.12
Oct 17 |
|
►Cambrai, 1917 |
20
Nov-3 Dec 17 |
German Offensive: 1918
|
►Somme, 1918 |
.21
Mar-5 Apr 18 |
|
►St. Quentin |
.21-23
Mar 18 |
|
►Bapaume, 1918 |
.24-25
Mar 18 |
|
►Rosieres |
.26-27
Mar 18 |
|
►Avre |
.4
Apr 18 |
|
►Lys |
.9-29
Apr 18 |
|
►Estaires |
.9-11
Apr 18 |
|
►Messines, 1918 |
.10-11
Apr 18 |
|
►Bailleul |
.13-15
Apr 18 |
|
►Kemmel |
.17-19
Apr 18 |
Advance to Victory: 1918
|
►Arras, 1918 |
.26
Aug-3 Sep 18 |
|
►Scarpe, 1918 |
26-30 Aug 18. |
|
►Drocourt-Queant |
.2-3
Sep 18 |
|
►Hindenburg Line |
.12
Sep-9 Oct 18 |
|
►Canal du Nord |
.27
Sep-2 Oct 18 |
|
►St. Quentin Canal |
.29
Sep-2 Oct 18 |
|
►Epehy |
3-5
Oct 18 |
|
►Ypres, 1918 |
.8-9
Oct 18 |
|
►Valenciennes |
.1-2
Nov 18 |
|
►Sambre |
.4
Nov 18 |
|
►Pursuit to Mons |
.28 Sep-11Nov |
Second World War
War Against Japan
South-East Asia
Italian Campaign
Battle of Sicily
Southern
Italy
|
►Motta
Montecorvino |
1-3 Oct 43 |
The Sangro
|
►The Sangro |
19
Nov-3 Dec 43 |
|
►Castel
di Sangro |
.23-24
Nov 43 |
|
►The
Moro |
.5-7
Dec 43 |
|
►San
Leonardo |
..8-9
Dec 43 |
|
►The
Gully |
..10-19
Dec 43 |
|
►Casa
Berardi |
..14-15
Dec 43 |
|
►Ortona |
20-28 Dec 43 |
|
►Villa Grande |
122-28 Dec 43 |
|
►San
Nicola-San |
.31
Dec 43 |
|
Tommaso |
. |
|
►Point
59/ |
.29
Dev 43- |
|
Torre
Mucchia |
.4
Jan 44 |
Battles of the FSSF
|
►Monte
Camino |
.5
Nov-9 Dec 43 |
|
►Monte
la Difensa- |
.2-8
Dec 43 |
|
Monte la Remetanea |
. |
|
►Monte
Majo |
3-8 Jan
44. |
|
►Hill 720 |
25 Dec
43 |
|
►Radicosa |
4 Jan
44 |
|
►Monte Vischiataro |
8 Jan
44 |
|
►Anzio |
22
Jan-22 May 44 |
|
►Rome |
.22
May-4 Jun 44 |
|
►Advance
|
.22
May-22 Jun 44 |
|
to the Tiber |
. |
|
►Monte Arrestino |
25
May 44 |
|
►Rocca Massima |
27
May 44 |
|
►Colle Ferro |
2
Jun 44 |
Cassino
|
►Cassino II |
11-18
May 44 |
|
►Gustav Line |
11-18
May 44 |
|
►Sant' Angelo in
|
13
May 44 |
|
Teodice |
. |
|
►Pignataro |
14-15 May 44 |
Liri Valley
|
►Liri Valley |
18-30
May 44 |
|
►Hitler Line |
18-24 May 44 |
|
►Melfa Crossing |
24-25 May 44 |
|
►Torrice Crossroads |
30
May 44 |
|
►Trasimene Line |
20-30 Jun 44 |
|
►Sanfatucchio |
20-21 Jun 44 |
Advance to Florence
Gothic Line
Winter Lines
Northwest Europe
Battle of Normandy
|
►Verrières Ridge-Tilly-- |
25 Jul 44 |
|
►Quesnay Road |
10-11 Aug 44 |
|
►St. Lambert-sur- |
19-22 Aug 44 |
|
►Dives Crossing |
17-20 Aug 44 |
|
►Forêt
de la Londe |
27-29 Aug 44 |
|
►The Seine, 1944 |
25-28 Aug 44 |
Southern France
| ►Southern
France |
15-28
Aug 44 |
Channel Ports
The Scheldt
|
►The Scheldt |
1 Oct-8 Nov 44 |
|
►Leopold
Canal |
6-16
Oct-44 |
|
►Savojaards Platt |
9-10
Oct 44 |
|
►Breskens Pocket |
11 Oct
-3 Nov 44 |
|
►Woensdrecht |
1-27
Oct 44 |
|
►The Lower Maas |
20 Oct
-7 Nov 44 |
|
►South Beveland |
24-31
Oct 44 |
|
►Walcheren |
31 Oct
-4 Nov 44 |
|
Causeway |
. |
Nijmegen Salient
Rhineland
|
►The
Reichswald |
8-13 Feb 45 |
|
►Waal
Flats |
8-15 Feb 45 |
|
►Moyland
Wood |
14-21 Feb 45 |
|
►Goch-Calcar
Road |
19-21 Feb 45 |
|
►The
Hochwald |
26
Feb- |
| . |
4
Mar 45 |
|
►Veen |
6-10 Mar 45 |
|
►Xanten |
8-9
Mar 45 |
Final Phase
|
►The Rhine |
23
Mar-1 Apr 45 |
|
►Emmerich-Hoch
|
28
Mar-1 Apr 45 |
|
Elten |
. |
|
►Twente Canal |
2-4 Apr
45 |
|
►Zutphen |
6-8 Apr
45 |
|
►Deventer |
8-11
Apr 45 |
|
►Apeldoorn |
11-17
Apr 45 |
|
►Arnhem,
1945 |
12-14
Apr 45 |
|
►Groningen |
13-16
Apr 45 |
|
►Friesoythe |
14 Apr
45 |
|
►Ijselmeer |
15-18
Apr 45 |
|
►Küsten Canal |
17-24
Apr 45 |
|
►Wagenborgen |
21-23
Apr 45 |
|
►Delfzijl Pocket |
23
Apr-2 May 45 |
|
►Leer |
28-29
Apr 45 |
|
►Bad Zwischen |
23
Apr-4 May 45 |
|
►Oldenburg |
27
Apr-5 May 45 |
Korean War
|
|
Domestic Missions |
|
►FLQ
Crisis |
|
International
Missions |
|
►ICCS
Vietnam 1973
►MFO
Sinai 1986- |
|
Peacekeeping |
|
►UNTEA |
W. N. Guinea 1963-1964 |
|
►ONUCA |
C. America
1989-1992 |
|
►UNTAC |
Cambodia
1992-1993 |
|
►UNMOP |
Prevlaka
1996-2001 |
|
|
Exercises |
|
Kapyong
|
|
|
Kapyong was a Battle
Honour awarded for actions fought during the Korean War from 22 April to
25 April 1951.
Background
A Chinese spring offensive began on the evening of 22 April 1951, aimed
at recapturing the South Korean capital of Seoul. United Nations
positions were initially overrun by the People's 118th Brigade of the
People's Volunteer Army, which attacking with overwhelming numerical
superiority on a wide front. A defence mounted by the 27th Commonwealth
Brigade ultimately halted the advance and prevented the capture of
Seoul.
Defences
The 6th Republic of Korea Division collapsed in the face of mounting
pressure and a large number of South Koreans and Americans were forced
to withdraw in disorder through positions partially held by Australian
troops. The 27th Commonwealth Brigade was ordered to block two
approaches to Kapyong, and prepared defensive positions. |
Holding at Kapyong, by
Edward Fenwick ("Ted") Zuber. This painting depicts resupply of
Canadian troops during the Battle of Kap'yong, 24-25 April 1951.
CWM Holding CN 90041. |
An attack by the 118th Chinese People's Volunteer Division engaged the
two forward battalions of the Brigade on the evening of 23 April. Early
on, the 1st Battalion, The Middlesex Regiment and the 16th Field
Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery were in danger of being encircled
and cut off. Forward positions held by 2nd Battalion, Princess
Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI) and 3rd Battalion, The Royal
Australian Regiment, enabled the Middlesex and RNZA forces to withdraw.
The New Zealand gunners went back into action, providing close fire
support for those troops still engaged. The 72nd Heavy Tank Battalion of
the United States Army also provided fire support.
A Chinese attack also struck 3rd Battalion, The Royal Australian
Regiment, causing them to withdraw from positions on Hill 504, followed
by massed attacks on the PPCLI throughout the night of 22-23 April.
Captain Mills, Officer Commanding "D" Company, was forced to call down
artillery fire on his own position on Hill 677 several times during the
night to avoid being overrun.
The Chinese had infiltrated the brigade position by the morning of the
23rd, surrounding the PPCLI who had to be resupplied by air. By the
evening of April 23, both the Commonwealth 27th and 29th Brigades were
strongly pressed by the Chinese 118th Division. Throughout April 24 many
close-range actions were fought, and the Australians were ordered to
withdraw to new defensive positions late in the day.
The Canadians defended their position until eventually the Chinese
assault collapsed. By the afternoon of 25 April the road through to the
Canadians was cleared of enemy troops and US units were able to relieve
them.
It was felt that the actions by the Australian and Canadian forces
prevented a massive breakthrough that would certainly have resulted in
the fall of Seoul.
The Chinese, despite overwhelming numerical superiority, had been found
to be poorly trained and used ineffective tactics including massed
infantry charges. Some troops had been poorly armed. Australian losses
were 31 killed, 59 wounded and 3 captured; Canadian losses were 10
killed and 23 wounded; New Zealanders had 2 killed and 5 wounded. The
Chinese losses are estimated at over 1,000 killed and an unknown number
of wounded.
The 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry and 3rd
Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment were both awarded the United States
Distinguished Unit Citation for their actions during the Battle of
Kapyong.
Battle Honours
The following Canadian units were awarded the Battle Honour "Kapyong"
for participation in these actions:
In addition to the Battle
Honour Kapyong, the 2nd Battalion, PPCLI was granted permission to add a
US battle streamer to its Regimental Colour, and became the only
Canadian unit awarded the United States Distinguished Unit Citation
(renamed in 1966 to become the Presidential Unit Citation), until the
war in Afghanistan and the award of a Presidential unit Citation to
Joint Task Force 2. |
