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History |
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Wars & Campaigns |
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►Boer
War
►First
World War
►►Western
Front
►►►Trench
Warfare: 1914-1916
►►►Allied
Offensive: 1916
►►►Allied
Offensives: 1917
►►►German
Offensive: 1918
►►►Advance
to Victory: 1918
►►Siberia
►Second
World War
►►War
Against Japan
►►Italian
Campaign
►►►Sicily
►►►Southern
Italy
►►►The
Sangro
►►►Battles
of the FSSF
►►►Cassino
►►►Liri
Valley
►►►Advance
to Florence
►►►Gothic
Line
►►►Winter
Lines
►►North-West
Europe
►►►Normandy
►►►Channel
Ports
►►►Scheldt
►►►Nijmegen
Salient
►►►Rhineland
►►►Final
Phase
►Korean
War
►Cold
War
►Gulf
War |
|
Operations |
►GAUNTLET
Aug 1941
►HUSKY
Jul 1943
►OVERLORD
Jun 1944
►VERITABLE
Feb 1945 |
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Battle Honours |
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First World War
Western Front
Trench Warfare: 1914-1916
|
►Ypres,
1915 |
22
Apr-25 May 15 |
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►Gravenstafel |
22-23 Apr 15 |
|
►St. Julien |
24
Apr-4 May 15 |
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►Frezenberg |
8-13 May 15 |
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►Bellewaarde |
24-25 May 15 |
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►Festubert, 1915 |
15-25 May 15 |
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►Loos |
25
Sep- 8 Oct 15 |
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►Mount Sorrel |
2-13 Jun 15 |
Allied Offensive: 1916
|
►Somme, 1916 |
1
Jul-18 Nov 16 |
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►Albert |
.1-13
Jul 16 |
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►Razentin |
.14-17
Jul 16 |
|
►Pozieres |
.23
Jul-3 Sep 16 |
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►Guillemont |
.3-6
Sep 16 |
|
►Ginchy |
.9
Sep 16 |
|
►Flers-Courcelette |
.15-22
Sep 16 |
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►Thiepval |
.26-29
Sep 16 |
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►Le Transloy |
.
1-18 Oct 16 |
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►Ancre Heights |
1
Oct-11 Nov 16 |
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►Ancre, 1916 |
13-18 Nov 16 |
Allied
Offensives: 1917
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►Arras 1917 |
8
Apr-4 May 17 |
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►Vimy, 1917 |
.9-14
Apr 17 |
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►Arleux |
28-29 Apr 17 |
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►Scarpe, 1917 |
.3-4
May17 |
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►Hill 70 |
.15-25
Aug 17 |
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►Messines, 1917 |
.7-14
Jun 17 |
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►Ypres, 1917 |
..31
Jul-10 Nov 17 |
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►Pilckem |
31
Jul-2 Aug 17 |
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►Langemarck, 1917 |
.16-18
Aug 17 |
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►Menin Road |
.20-25
Sep 17 |
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►Polygon Wood |
26
Sep-3 Oct 17 |
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►Broodseinde |
.4
Oct 17 |
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►Poelcapelle |
.9
Oct 17 |
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►Passchendaele |
.12
Oct 17 |
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►Cambrai, 1917 |
20
Nov-3 Dec 17 |
German Offensive: 1918
|
►Somme, 1918 |
.21
Mar-5 Apr 18 |
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►St. Quentin |
.21-23
Mar 18 |
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►Bapaume, 1918 |
.24-25
Mar 18 |
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►Rosieres |
.26-27
Mar 18 |
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►Avre |
.4
Apr 18 |
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►Lys |
.9-29
Apr 18 |
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►Estaires |
.9-11
Apr 18 |
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►Messines, 1918 |
.10-11
Apr 18 |
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►Bailleul |
.13-15
Apr 18 |
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►Kemmel |
.17-19
Apr 18 |
Advance to Victory: 1918
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►Arras, 1918 |
.26
Aug-3 Sep 18 |
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►Scarpe, 1918 |
26-30 Aug 18. |
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►Drocourt-Queant |
.2-3
Sep 18 |
|
►Hindenburg Line |
.12
Sep-9 Oct 18 |
|
►Canal du Nord |
.27
Sep-2 Oct 18 |
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►St. Quentin Canal |
.29
Sep-2 Oct 18 |
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►Epehy |
3-5
Oct 18 |
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►Ypres, 1918 |
.8-9
Oct 18 |
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►Valenciennes |
.1-2
Nov 18 |
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►Sambre |
.4
Nov 18 |
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►Pursuit to Mons |
.28 Sep-11Nov |
Second World War
War Against Japan
South-East Asia
Italian Campaign
Battle of Sicily
Southern
Italy
|
►Motta
Montecorvino |
1-3 Oct 43 |
The Sangro
|
►The Sangro |
19
Nov-3 Dec 43 |
|
►Castel
di Sangro |
.23-24
Nov 43 |
|
►The
Moro |
.5-7
Dec 43 |
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►San
Leonardo |
..8-9
Dec 43 |
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►The
Gully |
..10-19
Dec 43 |
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►Casa
Berardi |
..14-15
Dec 43 |
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►Ortona |
20-28 Dec 43 |
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►Villa Grande |
122-28 Dec 43 |
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►San
Nicola-San |
.31
Dec 43 |
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Tommaso |
. |
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►Point
59/ |
.29
Dev 43- |
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Torre
Mucchia |
.4
Jan 44 |
Battles of the FSSF
|
►Monte
Camino |
.5
Nov-9 Dec 43 |
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►Monte
la Difensa- |
.2-8
Dec 43 |
|
Monte la Remetanea |
. |
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►Monte
Majo |
3-8 Jan
44. |
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►Hill 720 |
25 Dec
43 |
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►Radicosa |
4 Jan
44 |
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►Monte Vischiataro |
8 Jan
44 |
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►Anzio |
22
Jan-22 May 44 |
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►Rome |
.22
May-4 Jun 44 |
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►Advance
|
.22
May-22 Jun 44 |
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to the Tiber |
. |
|
►Monte Arrestino |
25
May 44 |
|
►Rocca Massima |
27
May 44 |
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►Colle Ferro |
2
Jun 44 |
Cassino
|
►Cassino II |
11-18
May 44 |
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►Gustav Line |
11-18
May 44 |
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►Sant' Angelo in
|
13
May 44 |
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Teodice |
. |
|
►Pignataro |
14-15 May 44 |
Liri Valley
|
►Liri Valley |
18-30
May 44 |
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►Hitler Line |
18-24 May 44 |
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►Melfa Crossing |
24-25 May 44 |
|
►Torrice Crossroads |
30
May 44 |
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►Trasimene Line |
20-30 Jun 44 |
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►Sanfatucchio |
20-21 Jun 44 |
Advance to Florence
Gothic Line
Winter Lines
Northwest Europe
Battle of Normandy
|
►Verrières Ridge-Tilly-- |
25 Jul 44 |
|
►Quesnay Road |
10-11 Aug 44 |
|
►St. Lambert-sur- |
19-22 Aug 44 |
|
►Dives Crossing |
17-20 Aug 44 |
|
►Forêt
de la Londe |
27-29 Aug 44 |
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►The Seine, 1944 |
25-28 Aug 44 |
Southern France
| ►Southern
France |
15-28
Aug 44 |
Channel Ports
The Scheldt
|
►The Scheldt |
1 Oct-8 Nov 44 |
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►Leopold
Canal |
6-16
Oct-44 |
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►Savojaards Platt |
9-10
Oct 44 |
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►Breskens Pocket |
11 Oct
-3 Nov 44 |
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►Woensdrecht |
1-27
Oct 44 |
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►The Lower Maas |
20 Oct
-7 Nov 44 |
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►South Beveland |
24-31
Oct 44 |
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►Walcheren |
31 Oct
-4 Nov 44 |
|
Causeway |
. |
Nijmegen Salient
Rhineland
|
►The
Reichswald |
8-13 Feb 45 |
|
►Waal
Flats |
8-15 Feb 45 |
|
►Moyland
Wood |
14-21 Feb 45 |
|
►Goch-Calcar
Road |
19-21 Feb 45 |
|
►The
Hochwald |
26
Feb- |
| . |
4
Mar 45 |
|
►Veen |
6-10 Mar 45 |
|
►Xanten |
8-9
Mar 45 |
Final Phase
|
►The Rhine |
23
Mar-1 Apr 45 |
|
►Emmerich-Hoch
|
28
Mar-1 Apr 45 |
|
Elten |
. |
|
►Twente Canal |
2-4 Apr
45 |
|
►Zutphen |
6-8 Apr
45 |
|
►Deventer |
8-11
Apr 45 |
|
►Apeldoorn |
11-17
Apr 45 |
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►Arnhem,
1945 |
12-14
Apr 45 |
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►Groningen |
13-16
Apr 45 |
|
►Friesoythe |
14 Apr
45 |
|
►Ijselmeer |
15-18
Apr 45 |
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►Küsten Canal |
17-24
Apr 45 |
|
►Wagenborgen |
21-23
Apr 45 |
|
►Delfzijl Pocket |
23
Apr-2 May 45 |
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►Leer |
28-29
Apr 45 |
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►Bad Zwischen |
23
Apr-4 May 45 |
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►Oldenburg |
27
Apr-5 May 45 |
Korean War
|
|
Domestic Missions |
|
►FLQ
Crisis |
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International
Missions |
|
►ICCS
Vietnam 1973
►MFO
Sinai 1986- |
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Peacekeeping |
|
►UNTEA |
W. N. Guinea 1963-1964 |
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►ONUCA |
C. America
1989-1992 |
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►UNTAC |
Cambodia
1992-1993 |
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►UNMOP |
Prevlaka
1996-2001 |
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|
Exercises |
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The Cold War
The Cold War was a
protracted geopolitical, ideological, and economic confrontation that
emerged after the Second World War between the global superpowers of the
Soviet Union and the United States, supported by their respective and
emerging alliance partners. The struggle was called the Cold War because
it did not involve direct armed conflict between the main protagonists
(though many smaller military conflicts were fought on the periphery). The
Cold War was instead waged mainly by means of diplomacy, economics,
selective aid, intimidation, propaganda, assassination, low-intensity
military operations and full-scale proxy wars. The Cold War period also
witnessed the largest arms race (both conventional and nuclear) in
history, leading to widespread global fears of a Third World War and
nuclear Armageddon. The conflict was fuelled by the Soviet Union and its
allies, whose principles of centrally planned economies, was in opposition
to the United States and its allies, including Canada, who favored
capitalism and democratic foundations to their societies.
The Cold War spanned over
four decades, from approximately 1947 (exact dates are controversial)
until the decline and collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and
eastern Europe in the late 1980s, with the final dissolution of the Soviet
Union in 1991 generally considered the end of the Cold War.
The United States was
involved with several different alliances, such as NATO (created in 1949,
of which Canada was a member), CENTO and SEATO. The Soviet Union formed
the Warsaw Pact as a response to the creation of NATO . Both the US and
USSR had several relationships outside their official treaties, in the
case of the latter, nations such as North Korea, Cambodia, Laos, Cuba and
Syria were particularly important.
From 1960, both the
People's Republic of China and Albania promoted their own version of
Communism in opposition to key Soviet policies, and nations such as
Yugoslavia, Switzerland, Austria, India, Sweden, Finland, and Sudan
maintained a conspicuous neutrality through membership of the Non-Aligned
Movement (NAM), an international organization formed throughout the 1960s
and eventually coming to number over 100 separate states. The purpose of
the organization, stated in the Havana Declaration of 1979, was to ensure
"the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and
security of non-aligned countries (i.e. countries allied with neither the
US nor the USSR) in their struggle against imperialism, colonialism,
neo-colonialism, apartheid, racism, including Zionism, and all forms of
foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as
well as against great power and bloc politics".
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Origins
The roots of the Cold
War lay in the policies of the two "super powers" to emerge from the
Second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR).
Relations began to be strained in Feb 1945 when it became apparent
at the Yalta conference, held by the leaders of Britain, the US, and
the USSR, that wartime leader Joseph Stalin intended to strongly
control most of Eastern Europe after the war. Wartime relations were
held together in the common interest of the Allies, though mistrust
was certainly present. No formal alliance was made between the two,
and despite the massive amounts of aid going to the Soviet Union in
the form of war materiel, the relationship was more a personal one
between President Franklin Roosevelt and Premier Stalin.
The "Big Three" at Yalta, Feb 1945.
British Prime Minister Winston
Churchill, US President Franklin Roosevelt, and Premier Joseph
Stalin of the Soviet Union.
Yalta decided the fate of post-war
Europe. US Government Photo. |
Relations before the war
between the two nations were not friendly from 1933 to 1940, especially in
light of the Soviet non-aggression pact with Germany. Some historians have
traced the seeds back as far as Lenin's seizure of power in Russia during
the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and the establishment of a Communist
state, some trace the US-USSR conflict to the 1890s and rivalry between
the post-Civil War United States and Czarist Russia as a result of
activity by both nations in Manchuria.
Political Alignments, 1980. Map adapted from
wikipedia.org.
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